Sharding

A type of software architecture that breaks a system down into “shards”, which are essentially a group of smaller version of the system running in parallel to achieve a shared goal. Each shard contains a portion of the workload of the whole system with sufficent redudnancy such that a collection of shards could effectively replace any single shard if it went down or were otherwise inaccessible to the group. Sharding is typically used to increase the scalability, efficiency, geographic accessibility, and resilience of databases. These same properties can also be used to improve application execution.

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